Child Marriage Restraint Act, 1929
| Sections | Contents | |
| 1 | Short titled, extent and commencement | |
| 2 | Definitions | |
| 3 | Omitted | |
| 4 | Punishment for male adult above eighteen years of age marrying a child | |
| 5 | Punishment for solemnizing a child marriage | |
| 6 | Punishment for parent or guardian concerned in a child marriage | |
| 7 | Imprisonment not to be awarded for offence under section 3. | |
| 8 | Jurisdiction under this Act | |
| 9 | Mode of taking cognizance of offence | |
| 10 | Preliminary inquiries into offences under this Act | |
| 11 | Omitted | |
| 12 | Power to issue injunction prohibiting marriage in contravention of this Act |
CHILD MARRIAGE RESTRAINT ACT, 1929
(XIX OF 1929)
An Act to restraint
the solemnization of child marriages.
Whereas it is expedient to restrain the solemnization of child marriages:
It is hereby enacted as follows:
1. Short titled, extent and commencement.
1) This Act may be called the Child Marriage Restraint Act (1929).
2) It extends to the whole of Pakistan and applies to all citizens of Pakistan wherever they may be.
3) It shall come into force on the 1st day of April, 1929.
2. Definitions.
In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context,
(a) “Child” means a person who, if a male, is under eighteen years of age, and if a female, is under sixteen years of age;
(b) “Child marriage” means a marriage to which either of the contracting parties is a child;
(c) “Contracting party” to a marriage means either of the parties whose marriage is or is about to be thereby solemnized;1 [and]
(d) “Minor” means person of either sex who is under eighteen years of age2[.and]
(e) 3 [Omitted]”
Legal Amendments
1. Added by Punjab Ordinance, 23 of 1971.
2. Added by ibid
3. Clause e omitted by Punjab Ordinance, 23 of 1971.
3 [Omitted]
Legal Amendments
1. S.3 Omitted by Muslim Family Laws Ordinance, 1961 (VIII of 1961 S. 12 (w.e.f. 15.07.1961).
4. Punishment for male adult above eighteen years of age marrying a child.
Whoever, being a male above eighteen years of age, contracts child marriage shall be punishable with simple imprisonment which may extend to one month, or with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees, or with both.
5. Punishment for solemnizing a child marriage.
Whoever performs, conducts or directs any child marriage shall be punishable with simple imprisonment which may extend to one month, or with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees, or with both, unless he proves that he had reason to believe that the marriage was not a child marriage.
Court Decisions
Provision wide enough to cover fathers of both bridegroom and bride. P L D 1964 Dacca 630 158 I C L C107 ref.
Mere contravention of such provision-Conviction under Ss. 4 & 5 however, in revisional proceedings, cannot be held illegal unless prejudice thereby caused to accused. Criminal Procedure Code (V of 1898), S. 439. P L D 1964 Dacca 630 A I R 1939 Pat. 525 rel.
6 Punishment for parent or guardian concerned in a child marriage.
(1) Where a minor contracts a child marriage any person having charge of the minor, whether as parent or guardian or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnized, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnized, shall be punishable with simple imprisonment which may extend to one month, or with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees, or with both:
Provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.
(2) For the purpose of this section, it shall be presumed, unless and until the contrary is proved, that where a minor has contracted a child marriage, the person having charge of such minor has negligently failed to prevent the marriage from being solemnized.
Court Decisions
Violation of the provisions of the Act–Provisions of Act XIX of 1929 do not render the marriage invalid though it makes punishable a marriage made in violation of its provisions. 1988 C L C 113
7. Imprisonment not to be awarded for offence under section 3.
Notwithstanding anything contained in section 25 of the General Clauses At, 1897, or section 64 of the Pakistan Penal Code, Court sentencing an offender under section 3 shall not be competent to direct that, in default of payment of the fine imposed, he shall undergo only term of imprisonment.
8. Jurisdiction under this Act.
Notwithstanding anything contained in section 90 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898, no Court other than that of a Magistrate of the First Class shall take cognizance of or try any offence under this Act.
9. Mode of taking cognizance of offence.
No Court shall take cognizance of any offence under this Act 1[except on a complaint made by the Union Council, or if there is no Union Council in the area, by such authority as the Provincial Government may in this behalf prescribe, and such cognizance shall in no case be taken after the expiry of one year from the date on which the offence is alleged to have been committed.
Legal Amendments
1. In S.9 The words and commas “except on a complaint made by the Union Council, or if there is no Union Council in the area, by such authority as the Provincial Government may in this behalf prescribe, and such cognizance shall in no case be taken” occurring after the words “under this Act” and before the words “after the expiry” omitted. by Punjab Ordinance, 23 of 1971, S. 3.
Court Decisions
Girl having attained puberty contracting marriage of her own free will Marriage, held, valid-Consent of father immaterial-Validity of such marriage, held, cannot be challenged under Child Marriage Restraint Act, 1929-Girl (detenu) stating to have married willingly and living with respondent of her own free will allowed to go with her husband-Applicant could lodge complaint under Child Marriage Restraint Act, 1929, S. 9 against those responsible for marriage. 1975 P Cr. L J 1049
10. Preliminary inquiries into offences under this Act.
The Court taking cognizance of an offence under this Act shall, unless it dismisses the complaint under section 203 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898, either itself make an inquiry under section 202 of that Code or direct a Magistrate of the First Class subordinate to it to make such inquiry.
Court Decisions
Mere contravention of such provision-Conviction under Ss. 4 & 5 however, in revisional proceedings, cannot be held illegal unless prejudice thereby caused to accused. P L D 1964 Dacca 630 A I R 1939 Pat. 525 rel.
11.1[Omitted]
Legal Amendments
1. S.11 Omitted by Muslim Family Laws Ordinance, 1961.
12. Power to issue injunction prohibiting marriage in contravention of this Act.
(1) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Act, the Court may, if satisfied from information laid before it through a complaint or otherwise that a child marriage in contravention of this Act has been arranged or is about to be solemnized, issue an injunction against any of the persons mentioned in sections 3, 4, 5 and 9 of this Act prohibiting such marriage.
2. No injunction under sub-section (1) shall be issued against any person unless the Court has previously given notice to such person, and has afforded him an opportunity to show-cause against the issue of the injunction.
(3) The Court may either on its own motion or on the application of any person aggrieved, rescind or alter any order made under sub-section (1).
(4) Where such an application is received, the Court shall afford the applicant an early opportunity of appearing before it either in person or by pleader, and if the Court rejects the application wholly or in part, it shall record in writing its reasons for so doing.
(5) Whoever, knowing that an injunction has been issued against him under sub-section (1) of this section disobeys such injunction shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three months, or with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees, or with both:
Provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.
