GLOSSARY OF LAND REVENUE WORDS
(From Punjab Settlement manual)
A
Abadi deh | … | Inhabited site of village. |
Abi | … | Watered by lift from tanks, pools, marshes, or streams. |
Abiana | … | An assessment levied in addition to the assessment at unirrigated rates on account of the advantage derived from irrigation (Paragraph 61). |
Abwab | … | Cesses. |
Adhlapi | … | A man who by sinking a well in another man’s land acquires ownership in half of the land attached to the well (paragraph 173). |
Adna malik | … | Inferior owner. |
Ahtrafi | … | A cess paid by artisance to the village proprietors. |
Ala lambardar | … | Chief lambardar (Headman). |
Ala malik. | … | Superior owner. |
Amin | … | Surveyor employed for making village maps. |
Ang | … | Cess on cattle levied by proprietors on other residents in village for grazing in village waste. |
Anwanda | … | Clearing tenant in Dera Ghazi Khan (See note, page 107 of Settlement manual). |
Asami | … | Tenant (in old settlement literature the term is sometimes confined to a resident tenant). |
B
Bachh | … | Distribution of revenue over holdings. |
Badastur | … | Ledger. |
Bahi | … | Unaltered. |
Bajra | … | A kind of millet (Pennisetum typhodeum). |
Bakhra | … | Share (in Pathan tracts). |
Banda | … | Hamlet (in Pathan tracts). |
Bangar | … | Upland tract. |
Banjar | … | Uncultivated land. |
Bania | … | Village’s shopkeeper, money-lender. |
Banjar | … | Uncultivated land. |
Banjar kadim | … | New fallow (for all explanation see paragraph 267). |
Banjar kadim | … | Old fallow (for full explanation see paragraph 267). |
Barani | … | Dependent on rainfall. |
Batai | … | Rent taken by division of crop. |
Batta | … | A form of village tenure (see paragraph 139). |
Bhaichara | … | Sub-number (paragraph 271). |
Bhoang | … | Due paid harvest by harvest to a godkesh tenant (note on page 107). |
Bhunga | … | Cess on cattle levied by proprietors on other residents in a village for grazing in village waste. |
Bhur | … | Sand. |
Bigha | … | A measure of area. In the Western Punjab the bigha is half a ghumao, in the east the shahjahani bigha is five-eighths of an acre and the zamindari or kacha bigha five-twenty fourths of an acre. The actual bigha used by the Zamindari does not always correspond with the kacha bigha used in settlement surveys (see paragraph 243). |
Bir | … | A preserve. |
Bisa | … | One-twentieth of a bigha (q. v). |
Biswi | … | A fee paid in recognition of property right. |
Biswansi | … | One-twentieth of a bigha (q.v). |
Burji | … | A survey pillar. |
Butemar | … | A tenant who has acquired permanent rights in the land by clearing it of jangal. |
C
Chaharam | … | A grant of one-fourth of the ruler’s share of the produce to an individual or family of influence. |
Chah | … | Well; well-holding. |
Chahi | … | Irrigated from a well. |
Chahi khalis | … | Irrigated only from a well as distinguished from chahi-narhi (q.v) or chahi-sailab. |
Chahi-nahri | … | Irrigated partly from a well and partly from canal. |
Chak | … | Assessment circle, a block of land. |
Chakbat | … | Applied to a patti or sub-division of an estate which has all its land lying in one block (see Khetbat). |
Chakdar | … | Inferior owner (in South-West Punjab). For full explanation, (see paragraph 168). |
Chakla | … | Assessment circle. |
Chakota | … | Lump grain rent or rent consisting of a fixed amount of grain in the rabi, and a fixed amount of cash in the kharif harvest (see paragraph 312). |
Chapparband | … | A term for a resident (see tenant paragraph 196) entitled to permanent occupation at a fixed rate of rent (see paragraph 197). |
Chari | … | A kind of millet (q.v) grown for fodder (see jowar). |
Chaudhri | … | Rural notable. |
Chaukidar | … | Village watchman. |
Chela | … | Supiritual son or pupil. |
Chhambh | … | A marsh. |
Chhar | … | A system of silt clearance under which the clearance is effected by the irrigators themselves (see paragraph 449). |
Chundavand | … | A custom of inheritance under which several sons by one wife inherit the same share as a single son by another wife (see pagvand). |
D
Daftri | … | Owner in pathan tracts (see paragraph 157). |
Dak | … | Post. |
Dakar | … | Stiff clay soil. |
Darbar | … | Council or other governing body in a Native State. |
Darkhwast Mal | … | Tender of engagement to pay the land revenue. |
Duzari | …. | Assessment. |
Darya | … | River. |
Dastur-ul-amal | … | Hand-book for the guidance of district revenue officers in carrying out of the provisions of the settlement. |
Daul | … | Estimate of revenue payable by different estates (see paragraph 16). |
Daulp | … | Ridge. |
Dharat | … | Weighment fee; levied on sales of produce within village (see paragraph 94). |
Dhenkli | … | A hand-lever well. |
Dhok | … | Hamlet. |
Doab | … | Country lying between two rivers. |
Dohli | … | Death-bed gift of a small plot of land to a Brahman. |
E
Ekfasli | … | Yielding one crop in each agricultural year. |
F
Fakir | … | Religious mendicant. |
Fard Ranngazi. | … | List of fields for colouring purposes. |
G
Gharldakhilkar | … | Tenant-at-will. |
Ghair Maurasi | … | Tenant-at-will. |
Ghairmumkin | … | Barren. |
Ghi | … | Clarified butter. |
Ghumao | … | A measure of area (see paragraph 243). |
Girdawar | … | Kanungo or supervisor of patwaris (Paragraph 292-A). |
Girdawari | … | Harvest inspection. |
Godkesh | … | Tenant in Multan who has acquired a permanent title by breaking up waste (note on page 107). |
Gora | … | Land close to a village site which is often heavily manured. |
Gosha | … | Corner. |
Got | … | Sub-division of a tribe. |
Guru | … | Spiritual father or guide. |
H
Hakimi hissa | … | The ruler’s share of the produce. |
Hakk buha | … | Dorr tax; a cess levied by proprietors from other residents in a village (see paragraph 94). |
Hakkdar | … | A tenant entitled to permanent occupation at a fixed rate of rent (see paragraph 197). |
Hamsayas | … | Dependents occupying outlying hamlets of a pathan estate on condition of assisting in repelling raids on the lands of the proprietors (see paragraph 159). |
Hari | … | Applied to land cropped only in the rabi harvest. |
Hathrakhaidar | … | A man who agreed to become responsible for payment of the revenue on condition of receiving the proprietor’s share of the produce; has less a fee paid in recognition of the owner’s proprietary title (see paragraph 172). |
I
Ikrarnama | … | Village administration paper, same as wajib-ul-arz. |
Iliaqawar | … | Relating to an ilaka or tract. |
Inam | … | A cash allowance paid to secure the services of a man of influence. |
Inamdar | … | The holder of an inam (q.v) |
Ismi | … | A proprietary fee. |
J
Jadid | … | See banjar jaded. Also a class of tenant ( see paragraph 196). |
Jagir | … | An assignmen of land revenue. |
Jagirdar | … | Holder of an assignment of land-revenue. |
Jama | … | Land revenue demand. |
Jamabandi | … | Register of holdings of owners and tenants showing land held by each and amounts payable as rent, land revenue, and cesses. |
Jamai | … | A class of tenant (see paragraph 196). |
Jangal | … | Uncultivated land covered with brushwood and small trees. |
Jhalar | … | A Persian-wheel by which water is raised from a stream or canal. |
Jahalari | … | Irrigated by jhalar (q.v). |
Jhil | … | A sheet of water. |
Jhuri | … | Fee paid to proprietor when entering on possession of land (see paragraph 168). |
Jinswar | … | Relating to crops, also the crop statement for any particular harvest. |
Jowar | … | A kind of millet (Sorghum Vulgare). |
K
Kabza | … | Possession. |
Kacha | … | Incomplete or imperfect, applied to village measures of area and weights as distinguished from those recognised by Government; not lined with masonry (of a well). |
Kacha asami | … | Term used for a tenant-at-will (see paragraph 197). |
Kacha bigha | … | See bigha. |
Kacha malba | … | The system under which the amount actually expended on the common pruposes fo a village is distributed periodically over the proprietors. To be distinguished from pakka malba (q.v). |
Kachahri | … | District court-house. |
Kadam | … | A pace (see paragraph 243). |
Kadim | … | See banjar kadim also a class of tenant (see paragraph 197). |
Kadimi | … | A class of tennat (see paragraph 198). |
Kaifiyat | … | Report note. |
Kalar | … | Barren land, also applied to reh efflorescence, and in the east of the Punjab to sour clay rice (Land kalar dahr). |
Kamlana | … | Cess paid by artisans to the proprietors of the village in which they ply their trade (see paragraph 94). |
Kan | … | Appraisement of crops, realization of landlord’s share of produce in cash after appraising its amount and value. |
Kanal | … | A measure or area (see paragraph 243). |
Kania | … | A man who appraises crops. |
Kankar | … | Lime modules. |
Kankut | … | Same as kan (q.v). |
Kanungo | … | Supervisor of patwaris. |
Karam | … | Unit of length. |
Kardar | … | Title of official in Indian State. |
Karguzari | … | Outturn of work. |
Karukan | … | Length and breadth. |
Kasur | … | Fee paid in recognition of proprietary title (see paragraph 170). |
Khadir | … | Lowlying land near river. |
Khaka | … | Rough plan. |
Khalsa | … | The Sikh commonwealth. Revenue credited to Government as contrasted with jagir (q.v.) revenues. |
Khamtahsil | … | Direct management of estate by Government. |
Kharaba | … | Portion of crop which has failed to come to maturity. |
Kharach | … | Cess realized by landlord in addition to rent (see paragraph 339). |
Kharif | … | Autumn harvest. |
Khasanve | … | Same as vesh (q.v). |
Khasra | … | List of folds, field register. |
Khasra girdawari. | … | Harvest inspection register. |
Khata | … | Holding of a tenant. |
Khatauni | … | A list of holdings of tenants. Holding slips prepared at re-measurement (see Appendix VII). |
Khetbat | … | Applied to a patti or sub-division of an estate; all the land of which does not lie in a single block (see chakbat). |
Khewat | … | A list of owners’ holdings. |
Khewat-khatauni. | … | A combined khewat and khatauni corresponding to the present jamabandi (see Paragraph 274). |
Khudkasht | … | Cultivated by the owner himself. |
Khula vesh | … | Fresh calculation of shares at time of vesh (q.v.) (See paragraph 158). |
Khush-haisiyati | … | Owner’s rate, water, or canal-advantage rate. |
Killabandi | … | (See Appendix XIV). |
Kudhi-Lamini | … | A cess on hearths realized by proprietors from other residents in a village (see paragraph 94). |
Kuhmar | … | A tenant in Dera Gazi Khan who has earned a permanent title by sinking a well (see paragraph 211). |
L
Lakh | … | 1,00,000. |
Lakhiraj | … | Exempt from assessment. |
Lambardar | … | Village headman. |
Latha girdawari. | … | Cloth copy of the patwari’s map (Paragraph 292 and Appendix XXI). |
Lathband | … | A tenant who acquires rights in land by embanking fields (see Paragraph 211). |
Lathmar | … | Same as lathband (q.v). |
Lichh | … | Fee paid in recognition of proprietary title (see Paragraph 169). |
Lungi | … | Fee paid to proprietor when enterin on possession of land (see paragraph 168). |
M
Mafi | … | Revenue free. |
Mafidar | … | The holder of an assignment of land revenue. |
Mahal | … | Estate. |
Mahsul | … | Share of produce due to sate, now share of produce taken by person who pays the revenue in money (see paragraph 170). |
Mahsulkhor | … | A kind of land revenue farmer (see paragraph 172). |
Maira | … | Sandy loam. |
Mal | … | Land Revenue |
Malatar | … | Same as hamsaya (q.v). |
Malba | … | Fund out of which common village expenses are defrayed. |
Malguzar | … | Person responsible for payment of land revenue. |
Malguzari | … | Relating to assessment assessable. |
Malik | … | Owner in Western Punjab; malik means a leading man in a section of a tribe. |
Malik adna | … | Inferior proprietor. |
Malik ala | … | Superior proprietor. |
Malikana | … | Fee paid in recogniting of proprietary title. |
Malik Kabza | … | A man who owners the land actually in his possession; but has no share in the common property of the village community (see paragraph 142). |
Marla | … | A measure of area (see paragraph 243). |
Masri | … | A small pulse. |
Matyat | … | A word used in United provinces fro a clay soil. Occupancy tenant. |
Mauza | … | Village. |
Mauzawar | … | By villages (paragraph 512). |
Milan khasra | … | An area statement abstracted from the khasra (q.v) annual area statement. |
Milan rakba | … | Annual area statement. |
Milkiyat adna | … | Inferior ownership. |
Milkiyat ala | … | Superior ownership. |
Milkiyat makbuz | … | Tenure of a malik kabza (q.v). |
Min | … | Portion. |
Minhai | … | Excluded from the assessable area. |
Minjumla | … | Part out of a whole (Instruction 3, Appendix VIII). |
Mirasi | … | A class of Landholder (See paragraph 196). |
Mirasidar | … | A class of landholder (see Paragraph 196). |
Misl haqiyat | … | Record-of- rights. |
Moth | … | A small pulse (phareoolus trilobus). |
Muhtarafa | … | Same as ahtrafi (q.v). |
Mukaddim | … | Superior proprietor (see paragraph 167), also a leading man or headman in a village community (see paragraph 115). |
Makaddmi | … | Fee paid to superior proprietor in recognition of proprietary title (see paragraph 169). |
Mukarraridar | … | A kind of occupancy tenant (see paragraph 211). |
Mundhimar | … | A man who acquires occupancy right in land by clearing it of jangal (see paragraph 211). |
Munshi | … | An Indian clerk. |
Muntakhib assamiwar | … | Statement of owners and tenants, holding with detail of fields and rent, etc. |
Musavi | … | Mapping sheet. |
Mushakhsadar | … | A farmer of the land revenue (See paragraph 172). |
N
Nagha | … | Commutation paid for failure to perform ehher (q.v) labour. |
Nahri | … | Irrigated from a canal. |
Nahri-parts | … | Assessment rate over and above the assessment rate or unirrigated land applied to nahri land in calculating the fixed assessment which it shall pay (see paragraph 446). |
Naib-tehsildar | … | The deputy or assistant of he Tehsildar (q.v.). |
Naksha alamat | … | List of conventional signs. |
Naksha-intikal | … | Statement of land transfers. |
Naksha-lakhiraj | … | Statement of land revenue assignments. |
Naksha-thakbast | … | Village boundary map (see paragraphs 248 and 270). |
Nala | … | Drain or watercourse. |
Nautor | … | Land brought under cultivation for the first time. |
Nazim | … | Governor of large tract in an Indian State. |
Nazrana | … | An abatement from the revenue to an estate, etc., retained by government in making a land revenue assignment to an individual. |
Nazul | … | Land, etc. which has become the property of government by escheat or failure of heirs. |
Niai | … | Manured. |
P
Pachotra | … | A surcharge of 5 per cent on the revenue paid to village headmen. |
Pag | … | Fee paid to proprietor on entering on possession of land and (see paragraph 168). |
Pagvand | … | A custom of inheritance under which sons by different wives inherit equal shares in land (see chundavand) the property being divided per capita. |
Pahikasht | … | A tenant who does not live in the village in which he cultivates land . |
Paipath | … | A fee paid, to a superior owner in a recognition of his proprietary title (see paragraph 169). |
Pakka | … | Complete or perfect applied to measures of weight and area recognized by government as distinguished from those used in villages; lined with masonry (of a well). |
Pakka malba | … | The system under which the amount to be collected for common village expenses in fixed at a definite percentage on the land revenue. |
Pana | … | A sub-division of an estate (see paragraph 128). |
Panahi | … | A tenant protected from ejectment for a term, of years (See paragraph 203). |
Panapalat | … | A form of periodical distribution of a land in the Gurgaon District (see paragraph 158). |
Parcha | … | An extract from a khatauni or Jamabandi, a copy of the entry in a khatauni regarding his holding given to a right-holder at measurement (see paragraph 2, Appendix VII). |
Pargana | … | A group of estates forming a sub-division of a district or Tehsil. |
Part Sirkar | … | Government copy of the new settlement record. |
Part Tehsil | … | Tehsil copy of the settlement map (paragraph 292 and Appendix XXI). |
Parta | … | Assessment rate. |
Patta | … | Leather cover such as is used fro protecting account books by Indian shopkeepers (see Appendix VII) also deed of grant (see paragraph 152). |
Patti | … | A sub-division of an estate (see paragraph 128); also a well holding (see paragraph 165). |
Pattidar | … | A form of village tenure (see paragraphs 137 and 138). |
Patwari | … | A village accountant or registrar. |
Puchh-bakri | … | A cess on marriage levied by proprietors from other resides in a village (see paragraph 94). |
R
Rabi | … | Spring harvest. |
Raiyat | … | Tenant. |
Raiyatwari | … | A form of settlement in which the occupant of each holdings is under a separate engagement with Government, as distinguished from the village settlement in force in North-Western area. |
Rakh | … | A preserve. |
Rangsaz | … | A colourist. |
Rassa-Buti | … | A form of tenure in riverain estates in Sialko (see note on page 72). |
Rastah | … | Pathway. |
Rausli | … | A loam soil. |
Riwaj-I-am | … | Record of customs followed by the chief tribes in a district in the matter of marriage, inheritance, etc. (see paragraphs 561—567). |
Ret | … | Sand. |
Rohi | … | A stiffish soil containing a considerable amount of clay. |
Rubakati-akhir | … | Brief abstract of settlement proceedings appended to settlement record (see paragraph 270). |
S
Sabik | … | Former. |
Sadr | … | Headquarters station. |
Sad malguzars | … | Leading land-owners allowed to become responsible for revenue assessed on an estate (see paragraph 17). |
Sailab | … | Flooded or kept permanently moist by river. |
Sailaba | … | Same as sailab (q.v.). |
Sair | … | Miscellaneous income derived from an estate by its owners over and above the profits fo cultivation (see paragraph 356). |
Sanad | … | A deed of grant. |
Sarak | … | Road. |
Sarsahi | … | A measure of area (See paragraph 243). |
Sarsari parts | … | An all-round rate on cultivation without discrimination of soils or classes of land. |
Sawani | … | Cropped only in the autumn harvest. |
Sayar | … | See sair. |
Ser | … | A measure of weight, 1/40th of maund. |
Seri | … | Grant of land made by pathan Chief to me who helped him with their swords or their prayers. |
Sermani | … | A fee of one ser in the mauud of produce paid in recognition of proprietary title. |
Shahjahani bigha | … | See bigha. |
Shahnahri | … | Irrigated from a canal owned by the State. |
Shajra | … | Map, plan. |
Shajra kishtwar | … | Village common land. |
Shikast | … | Broken. |
Shora | … | Saltpetre. |
Sihadda | … | Masonry pillar or platform erected at point where boundaries of three villages meet. |
Silhdar | … | Same as chakdar (q.v.). |
Sir jagir | … | Land owned by jagirdat in an estate of which the revenue is assigned to him. |
Sir-o-pa | … | Fee paid to proprietor when entering on possession of land (see paragraph 168). |
Siwai | … | Cesses also same as sair (q.v.). |
T
Tafrik | … | Distribution of revenue over holdings. |
Tahrij asamiwar | … | Abstract of khatauni showing tenants, holdings with their areas and rents; but without details of fields (see paragraph 270). |
Tehsil | … | A sub-division of a district, charge of Tehsildar. |
Tehsildar | … | Official in chief executive charge of a Tehsil. |
Takavi | … | Loan granted by Government to a land-owner for agricultural purposes. |
Talukdar | … | A superior proprietor (see paragraphs 103, 143 and 145). |
Taraddadkar | … | A class of tenant in jhang (see paragraph 211). |
Taraf | … | A sub-division of an estate. |
Tarika paimaish | … | Note of method of suvey (Appendix XXI). |
Tarmim | … | Correction. |
Tawani | … | A class of tenant in Kohat |
Thana | … | Police Station or the jurisdiction of a police Station (see paragraph 579). |
Tahana patti | … | Marriage fee levied by proprietors of village from other residents (See paragraph 94). |
Thok | … | A sub-division of an estate (see paragraph 128). |
Thula | … | A sub-division of an estate (see paragraph 128). |
V
Vesh | … | Periodical redistribution of land among proprietors (see paragraph 158). |
W
Wajib-ul-arz | … | Village administration paper (see paragraphs 295-296-A and Appendix VIII). |
Waris | … | Landholder (see paragraphs 152, 175, 178 and 197-A). |
Warisi | … | Right of the waris (q.v.). |
Water | … | Line. |
Wirsana | … | Fee paid in recognition of proprietary title. |
Z
Zabti | … | Cash rents levied on account of certain crops. |
Zail | … | A group of estates out of which some representative man is appointed zaildar. |
Zaildar | … | A man of influence appointed to have charge of a zail. |
Zamindar | … | Land-owner. |
Zamindari | … | A form of village tenure (see paragraph 136). |
Zamindari bigha | … | See bigha. |
Zari-I-Zagha | … | Fund formed out of commutation paid by persons who do not perform the chher (q.v.) labour for which they are responsible. |
Zillah (zil’s) | … | District. |