GLOSSARY OF LAND REVENUE WORDS
(From Punjab Settlement manual)
A
| Abadi deh | … | Inhabited site of village. |
| Abi | … | Watered by lift from tanks, pools, marshes, or streams. |
| Abiana | … | An assessment levied in addition to the assessment at unirrigated rates on account of the advantage derived from irrigation (Paragraph 61). |
| Abwab | … | Cesses. |
| Adhlapi | … | A man who by sinking a well in another man’s land acquires ownership in half of the land attached to the well (paragraph 173). |
| Adna malik | … | Inferior owner. |
| Ahtrafi | … | A cess paid by artisance to the village proprietors. |
| Ala lambardar | … | Chief lambardar (Headman). |
| Ala malik. | … | Superior owner. |
| Amin | … | Surveyor employed for making village maps. |
| Ang | … | Cess on cattle levied by proprietors on other residents in village for grazing in village waste. |
| Anwanda | … | Clearing tenant in Dera Ghazi Khan (See note, page 107 of Settlement manual). |
| Asami | … | Tenant (in old settlement literature the term is sometimes confined to a resident tenant). |
B
| Bachh | … | Distribution of revenue over holdings. |
| Badastur | … | Ledger. |
| Bahi | … | Unaltered. |
| Bajra | … | A kind of millet (Pennisetum typhodeum). |
| Bakhra | … | Share (in Pathan tracts). |
| Banda | … | Hamlet (in Pathan tracts). |
| Bangar | … | Upland tract. |
| Banjar | … | Uncultivated land. |
| Bania | … | Village’s shopkeeper, money-lender. |
| Banjar | … | Uncultivated land. |
| Banjar kadim | … | New fallow (for all explanation see paragraph 267). |
| Banjar kadim | … | Old fallow (for full explanation see paragraph 267). |
| Barani | … | Dependent on rainfall. |
| Batai | … | Rent taken by division of crop. |
| Batta | … | A form of village tenure (see paragraph 139). |
| Bhaichara | … | Sub-number (paragraph 271). |
| Bhoang | … | Due paid harvest by harvest to a godkesh tenant (note on page 107). |
| Bhunga | … | Cess on cattle levied by proprietors on other residents in a village for grazing in village waste. |
| Bhur | … | Sand. |
| Bigha | … | A measure of area. In the Western Punjab the bigha is half a ghumao, in the east the shahjahani bigha is five-eighths of an acre and the zamindari or kacha bigha five-twenty fourths of an acre. The actual bigha used by the Zamindari does not always correspond with the kacha bigha used in settlement surveys (see paragraph 243). |
| Bir | … | A preserve. |
| Bisa | … | One-twentieth of a bigha (q. v). |
| Biswi | … | A fee paid in recognition of property right. |
| Biswansi | … | One-twentieth of a bigha (q.v). |
| Burji | … | A survey pillar. |
| Butemar | … | A tenant who has acquired permanent rights in the land by clearing it of jangal. |
C
| Chaharam | … | A grant of one-fourth of the ruler’s share of the produce to an individual or family of influence. |
| Chah | … | Well; well-holding. |
| Chahi | … | Irrigated from a well. |
| Chahi khalis | … | Irrigated only from a well as distinguished from chahi-narhi (q.v) or chahi-sailab. |
| Chahi-nahri | … | Irrigated partly from a well and partly from canal. |
| Chak | … | Assessment circle, a block of land. |
| Chakbat | … | Applied to a patti or sub-division of an estate which has all its land lying in one block (see Khetbat). |
| Chakdar | … | Inferior owner (in South-West Punjab). For full explanation, (see paragraph 168). |
| Chakla | … | Assessment circle. |
| Chakota | … | Lump grain rent or rent consisting of a fixed amount of grain in the rabi, and a fixed amount of cash in the kharif harvest (see paragraph 312). |
| Chapparband | … | A term for a resident (see tenant paragraph 196) entitled to permanent occupation at a fixed rate of rent (see paragraph 197). |
| Chari | … | A kind of millet (q.v) grown for fodder (see jowar). |
| Chaudhri | … | Rural notable. |
| Chaukidar | … | Village watchman. |
| Chela | … | Supiritual son or pupil. |
| Chhambh | … | A marsh. |
| Chhar | … | A system of silt clearance under which the clearance is effected by the irrigators themselves (see paragraph 449). |
| Chundavand | … | A custom of inheritance under which several sons by one wife inherit the same share as a single son by another wife (see pagvand). |
D
| Daftri | … | Owner in pathan tracts (see paragraph 157). |
| Dak | … | Post. |
| Dakar | … | Stiff clay soil. |
| Darbar | … | Council or other governing body in a Native State. |
| Darkhwast Mal | … | Tender of engagement to pay the land revenue. |
| Duzari | …. | Assessment. |
| Darya | … | River. |
| Dastur-ul-amal | … | Hand-book for the guidance of district revenue officers in carrying out of the provisions of the settlement. |
| Daul | … | Estimate of revenue payable by different estates (see paragraph 16). |
| Daulp | … | Ridge. |
| Dharat | … | Weighment fee; levied on sales of produce within village (see paragraph 94). |
| Dhenkli | … | A hand-lever well. |
| Dhok | … | Hamlet. |
| Doab | … | Country lying between two rivers. |
| Dohli | … | Death-bed gift of a small plot of land to a Brahman. |
E
| Ekfasli | … | Yielding one crop in each agricultural year. |
F
| Fakir | … | Religious mendicant. |
| Fard Ranngazi. | … | List of fields for colouring purposes. |
G
| Gharldakhilkar | … | Tenant-at-will. |
| Ghair Maurasi | … | Tenant-at-will. |
| Ghairmumkin | … | Barren. |
| Ghi | … | Clarified butter. |
| Ghumao | … | A measure of area (see paragraph 243). |
| Girdawar | … | Kanungo or supervisor of patwaris (Paragraph 292-A). |
| Girdawari | … | Harvest inspection. |
| Godkesh | … | Tenant in Multan who has acquired a permanent title by breaking up waste (note on page 107). |
| Gora | … | Land close to a village site which is often heavily manured. |
| Gosha | … | Corner. |
| Got | … | Sub-division of a tribe. |
| Guru | … | Spiritual father or guide. |
H
| Hakimi hissa | … | The ruler’s share of the produce. |
| Hakk buha | … | Dorr tax; a cess levied by proprietors from other residents in a village (see paragraph 94). |
| Hakkdar | … | A tenant entitled to permanent occupation at a fixed rate of rent (see paragraph 197). |
| Hamsayas | … | Dependents occupying outlying hamlets of a pathan estate on condition of assisting in repelling raids on the lands of the proprietors (see paragraph 159). |
| Hari | … | Applied to land cropped only in the rabi harvest. |
| Hathrakhaidar | … | A man who agreed to become responsible for payment of the revenue on condition of receiving the proprietor’s share of the produce; has less a fee paid in recognition of the owner’s proprietary title (see paragraph 172). |
I
| Ikrarnama | … | Village administration paper, same as wajib-ul-arz. |
| Iliaqawar | … | Relating to an ilaka or tract. |
| Inam | … | A cash allowance paid to secure the services of a man of influence. |
| Inamdar | … | The holder of an inam (q.v) |
| Ismi | … | A proprietary fee. |
J
| Jadid | … | See banjar jaded. Also a class of tenant ( see paragraph 196). |
| Jagir | … | An assignmen of land revenue. |
| Jagirdar | … | Holder of an assignment of land-revenue. |
| Jama | … | Land revenue demand. |
| Jamabandi | … | Register of holdings of owners and tenants showing land held by each and amounts payable as rent, land revenue, and cesses. |
| Jamai | … | A class of tenant (see paragraph 196). |
| Jangal | … | Uncultivated land covered with brushwood and small trees. |
| Jhalar | … | A Persian-wheel by which water is raised from a stream or canal. |
| Jahalari | … | Irrigated by jhalar (q.v). |
| Jhil | … | A sheet of water. |
| Jhuri | … | Fee paid to proprietor when entering on possession of land (see paragraph 168). |
| Jinswar | … | Relating to crops, also the crop statement for any particular harvest. |
| Jowar | … | A kind of millet (Sorghum Vulgare). |
K
| Kabza | … | Possession. |
| Kacha | … | Incomplete or imperfect, applied to village measures of area and weights as distinguished from those recognised by Government; not lined with masonry (of a well). |
| Kacha asami | … | Term used for a tenant-at-will (see paragraph 197). |
| Kacha bigha | … | See bigha. |
| Kacha malba | … | The system under which the amount actually expended on the common pruposes fo a village is distributed periodically over the proprietors. To be distinguished from pakka malba (q.v). |
| Kachahri | … | District court-house. |
| Kadam | … | A pace (see paragraph 243). |
| Kadim | … | See banjar kadim also a class of tenant (see paragraph 197). |
| Kadimi | … | A class of tennat (see paragraph 198). |
| Kaifiyat | … | Report note. |
| Kalar | … | Barren land, also applied to reh efflorescence, and in the east of the Punjab to sour clay rice (Land kalar dahr). |
| Kamlana | … | Cess paid by artisans to the proprietors of the village in which they ply their trade (see paragraph 94). |
| Kan | … | Appraisement of crops, realization of landlord’s share of produce in cash after appraising its amount and value. |
| Kanal | … | A measure or area (see paragraph 243). |
| Kania | … | A man who appraises crops. |
| Kankar | … | Lime modules. |
| Kankut | … | Same as kan (q.v). |
| Kanungo | … | Supervisor of patwaris. |
| Karam | … | Unit of length. |
| Kardar | … | Title of official in Indian State. |
| Karguzari | … | Outturn of work. |
| Karukan | … | Length and breadth. |
| Kasur | … | Fee paid in recognition of proprietary title (see paragraph 170). |
| Khadir | … | Lowlying land near river. |
| Khaka | … | Rough plan. |
| Khalsa | … | The Sikh commonwealth. Revenue credited to Government as contrasted with jagir (q.v.) revenues. |
| Khamtahsil | … | Direct management of estate by Government. |
| Kharaba | … | Portion of crop which has failed to come to maturity. |
| Kharach | … | Cess realized by landlord in addition to rent (see paragraph 339). |
| Kharif | … | Autumn harvest. |
| Khasanve | … | Same as vesh (q.v). |
| Khasra | … | List of folds, field register. |
| Khasra girdawari. | … | Harvest inspection register. |
| Khata | … | Holding of a tenant. |
| Khatauni | … | A list of holdings of tenants. Holding slips prepared at re-measurement (see Appendix VII). |
| Khetbat | … | Applied to a patti or sub-division of an estate; all the land of which does not lie in a single block (see chakbat). |
| Khewat | … | A list of owners’ holdings. |
| Khewat-khatauni. | … | A combined khewat and khatauni corresponding to the present jamabandi (see Paragraph 274). |
| Khudkasht | … | Cultivated by the owner himself. |
| Khula vesh | … | Fresh calculation of shares at time of vesh (q.v.) (See paragraph 158). |
| Khush-haisiyati | … | Owner’s rate, water, or canal-advantage rate. |
| Killabandi | … | (See Appendix XIV). |
| Kudhi-Lamini | … | A cess on hearths realized by proprietors from other residents in a village (see paragraph 94). |
| Kuhmar | … | A tenant in Dera Gazi Khan who has earned a permanent title by sinking a well (see paragraph 211). |
L
| Lakh | … | 1,00,000. |
| Lakhiraj | … | Exempt from assessment. |
| Lambardar | … | Village headman. |
| Latha girdawari. | … | Cloth copy of the patwari’s map (Paragraph 292 and Appendix XXI). |
| Lathband | … | A tenant who acquires rights in land by embanking fields (see Paragraph 211). |
| Lathmar | … | Same as lathband (q.v). |
| Lichh | … | Fee paid in recognition of proprietary title (see Paragraph 169). |
| Lungi | … | Fee paid to proprietor when enterin on possession of land (see paragraph 168). |
M
| Mafi | … | Revenue free. |
| Mafidar | … | The holder of an assignment of land revenue. |
| Mahal | … | Estate. |
| Mahsul | … | Share of produce due to sate, now share of produce taken by person who pays the revenue in money (see paragraph 170). |
| Mahsulkhor | … | A kind of land revenue farmer (see paragraph 172). |
| Maira | … | Sandy loam. |
| Mal | … | Land Revenue |
| Malatar | … | Same as hamsaya (q.v). |
| Malba | … | Fund out of which common village expenses are defrayed. |
| Malguzar | … | Person responsible for payment of land revenue. |
| Malguzari | … | Relating to assessment assessable. |
| Malik | … | Owner in Western Punjab; malik means a leading man in a section of a tribe. |
| Malik adna | … | Inferior proprietor. |
| Malik ala | … | Superior proprietor. |
| Malikana | … | Fee paid in recogniting of proprietary title. |
| Malik Kabza | … | A man who owners the land actually in his possession; but has no share in the common property of the village community (see paragraph 142). |
| Marla | … | A measure of area (see paragraph 243). |
| Masri | … | A small pulse. |
| Matyat | … | A word used in United provinces fro a clay soil. Occupancy tenant. |
| Mauza | … | Village. |
| Mauzawar | … | By villages (paragraph 512). |
| Milan khasra | … | An area statement abstracted from the khasra (q.v) annual area statement. |
| Milan rakba | … | Annual area statement. |
| Milkiyat adna | … | Inferior ownership. |
| Milkiyat ala | … | Superior ownership. |
| Milkiyat makbuz | … | Tenure of a malik kabza (q.v). |
| Min | … | Portion. |
| Minhai | … | Excluded from the assessable area. |
| Minjumla | … | Part out of a whole (Instruction 3, Appendix VIII). |
| Mirasi | … | A class of Landholder (See paragraph 196). |
| Mirasidar | … | A class of landholder (see Paragraph 196). |
| Misl haqiyat | … | Record-of- rights. |
| Moth | … | A small pulse (phareoolus trilobus). |
| Muhtarafa | … | Same as ahtrafi (q.v). |
| Mukaddim | … | Superior proprietor (see paragraph 167), also a leading man or headman in a village community (see paragraph 115). |
| Makaddmi | … | Fee paid to superior proprietor in recognition of proprietary title (see paragraph 169). |
| Mukarraridar | … | A kind of occupancy tenant (see paragraph 211). |
| Mundhimar | … | A man who acquires occupancy right in land by clearing it of jangal (see paragraph 211). |
| Munshi | … | An Indian clerk. |
| Muntakhib assamiwar | … | Statement of owners and tenants, holding with detail of fields and rent, etc. |
| Musavi | … | Mapping sheet. |
| Mushakhsadar | … | A farmer of the land revenue (See paragraph 172). |
N
| Nagha | … | Commutation paid for failure to perform ehher (q.v) labour. |
| Nahri | … | Irrigated from a canal. |
| Nahri-parts | … | Assessment rate over and above the assessment rate or unirrigated land applied to nahri land in calculating the fixed assessment which it shall pay (see paragraph 446). |
| Naib-tehsildar | … | The deputy or assistant of he Tehsildar (q.v.). |
| Naksha alamat | … | List of conventional signs. |
| Naksha-intikal | … | Statement of land transfers. |
| Naksha-lakhiraj | … | Statement of land revenue assignments. |
| Naksha-thakbast | … | Village boundary map (see paragraphs 248 and 270). |
| Nala | … | Drain or watercourse. |
| Nautor | … | Land brought under cultivation for the first time. |
| Nazim | … | Governor of large tract in an Indian State. |
| Nazrana | … | An abatement from the revenue to an estate, etc., retained by government in making a land revenue assignment to an individual. |
| Nazul | … | Land, etc. which has become the property of government by escheat or failure of heirs. |
| Niai | … | Manured. |
P
| Pachotra | … | A surcharge of 5 per cent on the revenue paid to village headmen. |
| Pag | … | Fee paid to proprietor on entering on possession of land and (see paragraph 168). |
| Pagvand | … | A custom of inheritance under which sons by different wives inherit equal shares in land (see chundavand) the property being divided per capita. |
| Pahikasht | … | A tenant who does not live in the village in which he cultivates land . |
| Paipath | … | A fee paid, to a superior owner in a recognition of his proprietary title (see paragraph 169). |
| Pakka | … | Complete or perfect applied to measures of weight and area recognized by government as distinguished from those used in villages; lined with masonry (of a well). |
| Pakka malba | … | The system under which the amount to be collected for common village expenses in fixed at a definite percentage on the land revenue. |
| Pana | … | A sub-division of an estate (see paragraph 128). |
| Panahi | … | A tenant protected from ejectment for a term, of years (See paragraph 203). |
| Panapalat | … | A form of periodical distribution of a land in the Gurgaon District (see paragraph 158). |
| Parcha | … | An extract from a khatauni or Jamabandi, a copy of the entry in a khatauni regarding his holding given to a right-holder at measurement (see paragraph 2, Appendix VII). |
| Pargana | … | A group of estates forming a sub-division of a district or Tehsil. |
| Part Sirkar | … | Government copy of the new settlement record. |
| Part Tehsil | … | Tehsil copy of the settlement map (paragraph 292 and Appendix XXI). |
| Parta | … | Assessment rate. |
| Patta | … | Leather cover such as is used fro protecting account books by Indian shopkeepers (see Appendix VII) also deed of grant (see paragraph 152). |
| Patti | … | A sub-division of an estate (see paragraph 128); also a well holding (see paragraph 165). |
| Pattidar | … | A form of village tenure (see paragraphs 137 and 138). |
| Patwari | … | A village accountant or registrar. |
| Puchh-bakri | … | A cess on marriage levied by proprietors from other resides in a village (see paragraph 94). |
R
| Rabi | … | Spring harvest. |
| Raiyat | … | Tenant. |
| Raiyatwari | … | A form of settlement in which the occupant of each holdings is under a separate engagement with Government, as distinguished from the village settlement in force in North-Western area. |
| Rakh | … | A preserve. |
| Rangsaz | … | A colourist. |
| Rassa-Buti | … | A form of tenure in riverain estates in Sialko (see note on page 72). |
| Rastah | … | Pathway. |
| Rausli | … | A loam soil. |
| Riwaj-I-am | … | Record of customs followed by the chief tribes in a district in the matter of marriage, inheritance, etc. (see paragraphs 561—567). |
| Ret | … | Sand. |
| Rohi | … | A stiffish soil containing a considerable amount of clay. |
| Rubakati-akhir | … | Brief abstract of settlement proceedings appended to settlement record (see paragraph 270). |
S
| Sabik | … | Former. |
| Sadr | … | Headquarters station. |
| Sad malguzars | … | Leading land-owners allowed to become responsible for revenue assessed on an estate (see paragraph 17). |
| Sailab | … | Flooded or kept permanently moist by river. |
| Sailaba | … | Same as sailab (q.v.). |
| Sair | … | Miscellaneous income derived from an estate by its owners over and above the profits fo cultivation (see paragraph 356). |
| Sanad | … | A deed of grant. |
| Sarak | … | Road. |
| Sarsahi | … | A measure of area (See paragraph 243). |
| Sarsari parts | … | An all-round rate on cultivation without discrimination of soils or classes of land. |
| Sawani | … | Cropped only in the autumn harvest. |
| Sayar | … | See sair. |
| Ser | … | A measure of weight, 1/40th of maund. |
| Seri | … | Grant of land made by pathan Chief to me who helped him with their swords or their prayers. |
| Sermani | … | A fee of one ser in the mauud of produce paid in recognition of proprietary title. |
| Shahjahani bigha | … | See bigha. |
| Shahnahri | … | Irrigated from a canal owned by the State. |
| Shajra | … | Map, plan. |
| Shajra kishtwar | … | Village common land. |
| Shikast | … | Broken. |
| Shora | … | Saltpetre. |
| Sihadda | … | Masonry pillar or platform erected at point where boundaries of three villages meet. |
| Silhdar | … | Same as chakdar (q.v.). |
| Sir jagir | … | Land owned by jagirdat in an estate of which the revenue is assigned to him. |
| Sir-o-pa | … | Fee paid to proprietor when entering on possession of land (see paragraph 168). |
| Siwai | … | Cesses also same as sair (q.v.). |
T
| Tafrik | … | Distribution of revenue over holdings. |
| Tahrij asamiwar | … | Abstract of khatauni showing tenants, holdings with their areas and rents; but without details of fields (see paragraph 270). |
| Tehsil | … | A sub-division of a district, charge of Tehsildar. |
| Tehsildar | … | Official in chief executive charge of a Tehsil. |
| Takavi | … | Loan granted by Government to a land-owner for agricultural purposes. |
| Talukdar | … | A superior proprietor (see paragraphs 103, 143 and 145). |
| Taraddadkar | … | A class of tenant in jhang (see paragraph 211). |
| Taraf | … | A sub-division of an estate. |
| Tarika paimaish | … | Note of method of suvey (Appendix XXI). |
| Tarmim | … | Correction. |
| Tawani | … | A class of tenant in Kohat |
| Thana | … | Police Station or the jurisdiction of a police Station (see paragraph 579). |
| Tahana patti | … | Marriage fee levied by proprietors of village from other residents (See paragraph 94). |
| Thok | … | A sub-division of an estate (see paragraph 128). |
| Thula | … | A sub-division of an estate (see paragraph 128). |
V
| Vesh | … | Periodical redistribution of land among proprietors (see paragraph 158). |
W
| Wajib-ul-arz | … | Village administration paper (see paragraphs 295-296-A and Appendix VIII). |
| Waris | … | Landholder (see paragraphs 152, 175, 178 and 197-A). |
| Warisi | … | Right of the waris (q.v.). |
| Water | … | Line. |
| Wirsana | … | Fee paid in recognition of proprietary title. |
Z
| Zabti | … | Cash rents levied on account of certain crops. |
| Zail | … | A group of estates out of which some representative man is appointed zaildar. |
| Zaildar | … | A man of influence appointed to have charge of a zail. |
| Zamindar | … | Land-owner. |
| Zamindari | … | A form of village tenure (see paragraph 136). |
| Zamindari bigha | … | See bigha. |
| Zari-I-Zagha | … | Fund formed out of commutation paid by persons who do not perform the chher (q.v.) labour for which they are responsible. |
| Zillah (zil’s) | … | District. |
